Tarihin Dam

Mashahurin injiniyan injiniya Earle Andrews ne ya tsara dam ɗin—wanda ya ci gaba da tsarawa/gina fitattun ƙwararrun gine-gine na ƙarni na 20, kamar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Complex, Jones Beach State Park, Henry Hudson Parkway, da sauran su.

Bane's Mill Dam a kan Big Walker Creek a White Gate, Virginia, an tsara shi kuma an gina shi a cikin 1926. Yana cikin mafi kyawun misalai a cikin al'umma, idan ba misali ɗaya ba, na dam ɗin niƙa na zamani wanda babban mai zanen zamani ya tsara na sanannun wuraren Amurka. .

Takardun Bane's Mill Dam a matsayin aikin W. Earle Andrews ya haɗa da wasiƙar 1952 wanda Andrews ya kira ta "ɗaya daga cikin nasarorina na farko" da kuma zane-zanen gine-gine na Andrews da aka sanya hannu a kan madatsar ruwa, dukansu an kwatanta su a cikin bidiyo da fayil. tare da Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Tarihi ta Virginia.

An gina madatsar ruwan ne da simintin ruwa mai dumbin yawa wanda aka kera musamman don tara ruwa. Ya yi kama da ƙaramin ƙarami, madatsar ruwa na ƙauye fiye da babban dam ɗin ayyukan jama'a wanda aka ɗan rage shi don dacewa da saiti-mai ban sha'awa, ganin cewa ba da daɗewa ba Robert Moses zai matsa Andrews don gina manyan ayyukan jama'a.

Dangane da zane-zane na Andrews, dam din yana da fuska mai tsayin kafa tara a tsaye a tsaye mai kauri mai kauri hudu a gindi da inci 20 a saman. Yawancin masu zanen madatsun ruwa na karkara sun tsaya tare da wannan tushe na asali, amma ƙirar Andrews ya buƙaci ƙarin taka tsantsan: fuskar tana goyan bayan gindi takwas. Tsawon ƙafafu 28, kowane faɗin ƙafa biyu zuwa huɗu, tsayi kusan ƙafa takwas, da kauri ƙafa takwas a gindin, sun ba da damar dam ɗin ya jure mafi girman matsi na ruwa a gindinsa. Andrews kuma ya gina dam akan jeri mai lanƙwasa. Irin wannan lanƙwan an yi tunanin ɗaukar kaya zuwa gaɓangarorin, yana ba da damar ƙarfin ruwa mai zuwa ya matse baka, a zahiri yana ƙarfafa tsarin.

Dangane da Bane's Mill Dam, a cikin wasiƙarsa ta 1952, Andrews ya tattauna game da yadda ya yi amfani da “ƙunƙuntaccen ma'auni na niƙa don ƙarfafa sanduna" a cikin abin da yake, in ji rahoton, mai nisa daga dam na "Ortodox"; Ci gaba da ingantaccen tsarin dam ɗin yana nuna nasarar tsarin Andrews.

Yayin da wasu madatsun ruwa na lokaci-lokaci ke aiki-bangon da kawai ya tsaya ko ya kwarara ruwa - sabbin abubuwan Andrews sun sanya Bane's Mill Dam ya zama ainihin kayan aikin da aka ƙera da ƙima don yin ingantaccen amfani da kwararar ruwa mai ƙarfi. Ruwan da aka kama yana da maɓuɓɓuka guda uku: saki ta hanyar ƙofofin ambaliya a gindin dam, sama-sama, da karkatar da injina don sarrafa injin girki da katako. Duk an daidaita su a hankali don ingantaccen aiki.

Wataƙila mafi kyawun kwatanci na haɗin gwiwar Andrews na kyakkyawan tsari da aiki mai amfani shine “matakai” arba’in a saman dam ɗin, waɗanda suka yi aiki a matsayin tsakuwa zuwa sarrafa madatsar ruwa kuma azaman ma’aunin gani ga masu aiki.

Zane na Andrews ya baiwa ma'aikata damar yin isassun iko akan kwararar ruwa wanda wadannan matakan zasu kasance bushe; ma’aikata za su iya tsallakawa dam din da kafa don sarrafa kofofin da tsawonsa ba tare da jika kafafunsu ba. Tsakanin waɗannan matakan, an bar tsayin ruwan sama da ya wuce gona da iri bai wuce inci biyu ba tsakanin saman matakan da saman dam ɗin.

Bane's Mill Dam yana kan kadara mai girman eka 38 da aka fi sani da Waterside kuma asalin Banes ya daidaita a shekara ta 1791. Kayan mallakar Creed Bane Taylor, VI, da matarsa ​​Jeanne-Marie Garon Taylor ne.

Direbobi a kan Titin Old Mill Dam, kusa da Hanyar 42 kudu maso yammacin Pearisburg, Virginia, suna iya ganin Dam din Bane's Mill kuma su ji ruwan ruwanta kamar taku 75 daga titin.

Duk Photos